Evaluation of fecal calprotectin in patients with juvenile polyps before and after polypectomy

Document Type : Scientific Research

Authors

1 Pediatric hepatology, gastroenterology and nutrition - National Liver Institute- Menoufia University, Egypt

2 Clinical Pathology, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Egypt

3 Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Egypt

Abstract

Background: Juvenile polyps are common in children and are usually asymptomatic, but can cause symptoms like rectal bleeding and abdominal pain. Monitoring for recurrence and using biomarkers like fecal calprotectin (FCP), which helps assess inflammation, are essential for management. These polyps may also increase the risk of colorectal cancer, especially in juvenile polyposis syndrome. Further research is needed to understand the role of fecal calprotectin before and after polyp removal. 
The aim was to investigate the levels of fecal calprotectin in children and adolescents with juvenile polyps before and after polypectomy. 
Patients and methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted from January 2019 to March 2022, which included fifty children and adolescents, aged 1 to 18 years, diagnosed with juvenile polyps through colonoscopy. Patients were recruited from the Pediatric Hepatology Department at the National Liver Institute and the Tropical Medicine Department of the Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University. They were followed for an additional six months. Results: Fifty pediatric patients with juvenile polyps were found, with most aged 5-10 years (50%), followed by those under 5(38%) and 10-18 years (12%), with a mean age of 6.91 years. Of the patients, 46% had multiple polyps, 50% had pedunculated polyps, and 24% had sessile polyps. Larger polyps (20 mm vs. 12 mm) and pedunculated polyps were linked to higher FCP levels, while age and solitary polyps were not. Conclusion: FCP can be a valuable marker for evaluating disease severity and monitoring response to treatment in pediatric patients with juvenile polyps.

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Footnotes. Ahmed Fathy (Professor of internal medicine, gastroenterology, and hepatology unit), Sara Salem (lecturer of internal medicine, gastroenterology, and hepatology unit), and Amany Mohamed (Professor of family medicine and biostatistician) were the peer reviewers. E- Editor: Salem Youssef Mohamed, Osama Ahmed Khalil, Amany Mohammed. Copyright ©. This open-access article is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). It may be used, distributed, or reproduced in other forums, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited. The original publication in this journal must be cited according to accepted academic practice. Disclaimer: The authors' claims in this article are solely their own and do not necessarily represent their affiliated organizations or those of the publisher, the editors, and the reviewers. Any product evaluated in this article or its manufacturer's claim is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher. Ethics approval Before the study commenced, each participant completed a written consent form authorized by Menoufia Faculty of Medicine’s local Ethical Research Committee. Additionally, the Institutional Review Board was obtained [N-00373-2022]. Data and materials availability: The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Funding: This study had no funding from any source. This work was done according to the STROBE guidelines. Authors' contributions: MAA revised the results and shared them in the manuscript writing and editing. HAG established the study concept and analyzed data. AAS constructed the idea, shared in interpreting the results, and revised the manuscript. MAA provided the study design and conducted data analysis. HAG applied clinical studies, collected data, and shared in writing the manuscript. MAA and HAG collected data, analyzed results, and prepared the manuscript. All authors read, revised, and approved the final manuscript. Acknowledgments: Not applicable.

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